Anchoring means for flat bands



July 20,1965 R. H. LAGARDE ETAL ANCHORING MEANS FOR FLAT BANDS 2Sheets-She et 1 mm o n al Filed Jan. 29, 1965 INVENTORS ROE HOWE LAGARDEw CLARKE MURPHY,JR.

ATTORNEY July 20, 1965' R. H. LAGARDE ETAL 3,195,939

ANCHQRING MEANS FOR FLAT BANDS Filed Jan. '29, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet 2IIIII WMMLW Q A W INVHVTORS ROE HOWE LAGARDE ATT'ORNE'Y y CLARKEMURPHY,JR.

United States Patent 3,195,939 ANCHORING MEANS FOR FLAT BANDS Roe HoweLagarde, (Erhard, and Clarke Murphy, Jr., Baltimore, Md., assignors toE. W. Bliss Company, Canton, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware Filed Jan.29, 1963, Ser. No. 254,788 Claims. (Cl. 287-82) The present inventionrelates to flat, woven, flexible bands, or webbing, and in particular tothe end structure for holding the band in a suitable fixture. The bandor web may be constructed from any suitable weavable material, such as,natural, synthetic, metal or glass fibers.

Heretofore it was most diflicult to hold the end of a band or webbing,particularly when the band was made from synthetic fibers and when theband was under a high degree of tensional strain. The primary object ofthe invention is to provide an improved lapped end structure for a bandor the like wherein, the band may be attached to a more compact holdingelement.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved lapped endstructure for a band wherein, the end may be effectively held by aholding element of no greater width than the width of the band.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lap structure wherebythe thickness of the band will be increasedand its width decreasedadjacent the end of the band to permit its attachment to a greatervariety of shapes of holding elements and at the same time increase theholding capacity of the holding element upon the band.

Astill further object of the invention is to provide an improved methodof constructing the end of the band into a lug for holding the samewithin a holding element.

While several objects of the invention have been pointed out, otherobjects, uses and advantages will become more apparent as the nature ofthe invention is more fully disclosed, the same consists in its novelarrangement and forming of its several parts shown in the accompanyingdrawings forming a part of this specification, and in which:

FIGURE 1 is a fragmentary view in elevation of a fiat woven band showingone form of lap and lug construction formed on the end of the band and asectional view of the lug holding element engaging the lug.

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 22 of FIGURE1.

' FIGURE 3 is an end view looking from right to left in FIGURE 1,showing the outer end of both the lug and the lug holding element.

FIGURE 4 is a sectional view of the flat woven band or web, showingparticularly the longitudinal and lateral strands.

FIGURE 5 is a sectional view of a modified form of lap similar to thatshown in FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 6 is a sectional view of still a further modified form of lapsimilar to that shown in FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 7 is a fragmentary view in elevation of the band showing amodified form of lap and a lug formed on the end of the band and asectional view of the fixture engaging the lug.

FIGURE 8 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 88 of FIGURE7,

FIGURE 9 is an end view, looking from right to left in FIGURE 7 showingboth the outer end of the lug and the lug holding element.

FIGURE .10 is a fragmentary view in elevation of the '7 FIGURE 11 is asectional view taken along line 11-41 of FIGURE 10.

3,1 9'5 Patented July 20, 1965 FIGURE 12 is an end view looking fromright to left in FIGURE 10 showing both the outer end of the lug and thelug holding element.

FIGURE 13 is a fragmentary view in elevation of the band showing afurther modified form of lap formedon the end of the band, and asectional view of the lug holding element engaging the lug.

FIGURE 14 is a sectional view taken along line 14-14 in FIGURE 13.

FIGURE 15 is an end view looking from right to left in FIGURE 13 showingboth the outer end of the lug and the lug holding element.

In the description to follow, like character references are used indesignating like and similar parts throughout the several views;

Throughout the several views the band, or web is generally designated bythe letter A having lateral edges 12 and 14. The band with longitudinal,or woof strands 21 and later a1, or weft strands 22;

Referring first to FIGURES 1 to 6 inclusive, the end of the band A isunbraided, or unwoven by removing the lateral, or weft strands 22 for adistance at least equal to one-third the width of the band. However,there is no limit to the length of the unbraided longitudinal strands21' and if desired, may extend from the end of the woven portionoutwardly to the outer end of the lug.

The woven portion immediately adjacent the unbraided strands 21 anddesignated by the numeral 24 is tightly lapped upon itself. (See FIGURES1 and 2.) This reduces the width of the band and also reduces the widthof the area to be occupied by the unwoven strands 21'. This lapping alsoincreases the thickness of the band and the area to be occupied by theunbraided strands, which will hereinafter be referred to more in detail.

The lapped portion 24 is shown in FIGURE 2 to be wrapped about a core26. This is desirable if the band is of such-thickness, or texture toresist bending it into a tight lap. If the band is pliable and willallow the band to be tightly rolled, or lapped and where there is noopening, or practically no opening between the laps, the core 26 may bedispensed with. The lapping of the band is substantially parallel withthe longitudinal or woof strands 21. The unwoven longitudinal or woofstrands 21' are extended outwardly from the woven folded portion 24 in adiverging flare, that is, the opening between the strands is greater asthe distance from the woven lapped portion 24 increases, as shown inFIGURE 1.

These diverging strands 21' are either placed into a suitable mold, or alug holding element or fixture designed to hold the lug, as shown at 28.

About the extended and flared unwoven strands 21' there is introducedpreferably, a solidifiable liquid or semi-liquid substance, preferablyan organic plastic type. However, other suitable substances may also beused, such as, cement, rubber, epoxy, etc. Nor is the substance to belimited to a solidifiable liquid or semi-liquid, but the substances maybe of a granular nature, to which heat and pressure may be applied forsolidification, or a solidifying agent may be added to the materialwithin the mold or fixture as the case may be. This solidifiablesubstance is adapted to solidify into a solid, or semi-solid lug L,filling the spaces between the strands 21 and adhering tothe strandsthemselves to form a rigid, or semirigid mass.

The outer surface of this mass, or lug L will take the form of the mold(not shown) or, that the fixture 28, whichever the case may be. Thepreferred shape of the lug is in the form of a modified taper. The taperis shown as being in the form of a gradually concaved surface 30,beginning with a parallel side surface substantially at point B adjacentthe smaller diameter, or

neck portion L' of the lug. he concaved portion 32 of the lug surfaceextends substantially between the points B and B. It has been found byexperiment that the lug L will have an increasing holding capacity inrelation tqits diameter if the lug is provided with a head L", such asshown extending between points B and C The thickness of the head L" hasbeen found to give satisfactorysupport to the tapered portion L inpreventing collapsing of the plugif it is at least one quarter thethickness'of the maximum diameterof the. upward portion of the lug.

The head L is shown with is not limited thereto. a

cylindricalsideiwall 30, but

7 It is of substantial advantage to have this particular V shaped lugformed with a relatively long concaved surface beginning inwardly uponthe woven portion of the band and increasing the curvature of itssurface as it approaches is of elliptical form in cross-section and isnot provided Witha core element, as shown in FIGURE 5. In this form, thelateral edges .12 and 14 of the lapped portion I are shown in abuttedrelationship, similar ot that shown in FIGURE 5. The. band islappedwherein the, central portion 33'-,of the band extends'across on'eof the longer sides of the ellipse and the side sections 33" and 33"extend along the opposite longer side of the ellipse and areabuttedadjacent the center of the side section. The lug is formedinsubstantially the same manner as that described for the forrnshown inFIGURES 1 to 3. The fixture shown at39 is of substantially the samestructure asthose previously described in FIGURES .1 to 3,except theportion engaging the lapped section 33 of the band the outer limits ofthe diverging portion of the lug. The a H r as round, square, etc. andhaving means associated thereinner surface-of the fixture, as statedhereinbeforepis of substantially the same shapeas the outer. surface ofthe lug and is provided with a portion extending from the points B to Bof c'onvexedform to coincide'with the concaved surface of 'the lug. Theremaining portion of the lug surface and inner wall of the fixtureextending from the point B toward the lapped portion is parallel 1 withthe longitudinal axis of the lug and band. By having the walls of theneck portions of the lug and fixture without a taper will reduce thecompression in this area and allows the remainder of the concavedsurface of the lug to progressively takeup the load. I

i This areaof no taper prevents or reduces a tendency to rupture theplug, .or to move out of alignment the unbraided strands ll'adjacent thewoven lapped portion.

It has been found by experiment that when the band.

is formed from artificial organic plastic fibers,'-it is more desirablealso to construct the lug of ,an organiepla'stic substance, and further,if the lug is compounded to offer some slight-elasticity, itwill aid inthe holding powerof the lug, which allows a certain amount; of take-upinthe unevenness of the strands 'within the lug. When the band is underheavy stress a slightly'elastic lug also mayexist between the lug andthe fixtures.

As mentioned heretofore, the parallel neck portion of allows the lug toconform-to'jany slight irregularities that the ;lug and fixture willallow the longitudinal strands to remain firml-yengaged by the lugadjacent the neck portion before the gradual diverging lug increasingsurfaces begin to pickup the load. This prevents: any disis ofelliptical cross-sectional shape to correspond with the lapped band.However, the outer portions (not shown) of the fixture may take any;other conventional form, such with for fastening the same to a suitablesupport.

Other forms of 'lappingof a more compounded nature are shown in theremaining illustrations, However, certain parts, such as the band A, theunbraided strands 21', the concaved surface of the lug, the operationand general characteristics of the band, the lug and the fixtures arethe sameas that previously'described in detail, in. FIGURES 1 to 3 andtherefore, no detailed description of these parts is believed necessaryto understand the structure, and operation of the forms next to bereferred L. toonly where necessary to bring out the particular feaao;

tures of the form of lap. V

Referring to FIGURES 7 to 9 the fixture 31 is somewhat similar is thefixture 28 shown in FIGURES 1 m 3, but being squarein cross-sectionhaving cars 31" and '3 1"fthr ough which are holes 36 and 36 forsupporting the fixture to a support(not shown).. .However, as stated inregard to the fixture 28, the fixtures may be ofany convenient shape andmay be provided withany suitable means'for. supporting the same to asupport. Toconform wlth the square fixture, the lug would also besquare, as shown in FIGURES 8 and 9. The lapped area 37 is folded intheform of a letter S. The lap comprises a 'centraliportion 38 and two.side portions 39 and 40 lapped so that the lateral edges 12 and 14 of.the .band a are positioned in opposite directions and diagonal withrespect to the lap. V

In FIGURES 10 and 12 there is shown a different type of lap; This typeof lapis shown at 41 and is lapped tortion of the neck portion of thelug due to high com I pression on its side walls that might affect theadhesiveness of the lug to the strands 21' adjacent the lapped portion.

'The neck portion of the fixture is adapted to extend over at least aportion of the lapped area as shown at .24 in FIGURE 1 in order to giveto the unbraided strands 21' a straight pull with the longitudinal axisof the band. The fixture 28' shown in FIGURES 1 to'3 is ofcircular formand is provided with extending-ears 28'. and 28"" having holes 34'and34f*ex tending therethrough for re-.

ofmaterial to. which thesolidifiable massiwould adhere;

The core 26' is of such siz'e as to allow thelatera'l in the form of'theletter M. The lap portion of the band is best illustrated in FIGURE 11and is provided with a: double central portion, as shown at; 42 and 44,and two side portions 46.and 48 respectively. The lateral edge 12 of theside portion 46 and the lateral edge 14 of theside portion 48 areextendedin the same direction. The fixture 56 is illustratedas beingalso square in crosssection as previously shown and described for-fixture'31 shown in the species illustrated in FIGURES 7 to 9, butlikewise may. be of .any convenient shape. The-fixture I 536 is providedwith ears 56' and 56 eXtendingoutwardly from the main portion of thefixture ,56 having hole 57 manner as,previous'ly' described for theforegoingspecies.

edges 12, and 14 of. the bandto abut, and while shown in cross-section:to be of circular shape, it may take any I desirable form, such as,square, rectangular, etc.- The lug would be formed in substantially thesamen'ianner as previously described for FIGURES 1 t'oj3. The fixture 27is. quitesimilar to the fixture 28 in substantially'the same ,way. 7

FIGURE 6 is still afurther variation and operates;

- A stillfurthen form-of lap is illustrated in FIGURES 13 to 15.;.'This1form.is provided with a lap area 60 in which the centralportion 62 ofithe band is of .arcuated fo'rmin cross-section (seeFIGURE-14).: The outer por-.

tions of theband, as shown at 64 and, are turned inwardly alongathelines 64';and 66, wherein the outer U j 7 side portions 64'and 66 of theband areadjacent each 7 from the, form; 'shownin FIGURES lto 3, in that,the lapped portion other having their respective edges 12 and 14abutting adjacent thecon caved' surface 62 of the ar'cuated portion 62.This type lap is very compact and is particularly adapted for bands ofsuch thickness and width and of such texture as to permit the band to befolded in this particular manner. In this form, the fixture '70 is shownin circular cross-section form, as previously described in FIGURES 1 to3. The fixture 70 is provided with extended ears 72 and 72' havingopenings 73 and 73 therethrough for receiving a pin (not shown) forfastening the fixture to a support (not shown), however, any suitableholding means may be substituted therefor.

The fixtures regardless of the type of lap may be of most anycross-sectional shape, or combination of these shapes, depending uponthe circumstances and feasibility in manufacturing.

While a particular type of lap is shown in FIGURES 7 to 9 and in FIGURES10 to 12, these laps may be folded in multiples of these forms, providedthe band is of a suitable texture and of suitable width and thickness topermit such a fold.

The fixtures regardless of the type of lap are designed to hold and maybe of most any cross-sectional shape, or combination of shapes. Thefixtures may be made of any suitable material, however, it is preferableto use a strong non-corrosive metal such as stainless steel. It is alsonot necessary to have the fixtures constructed of a single piece. If thelug L is formed in a separate mold, the fixture may be longitudinallysplit, so that, it may be readily attached to the lug. In this way thefixture may then be attached to the band at the time it is to be used.

By the use of the present end holding structure, bands and/or webbinghaving great potential strength may be effectively used in places andfor purposes where hereinbefore their use was hampered because of theholding qualities, bulkiness and inappropriate shape of the fixtures andin which the fixtures themselves had a tendency to break the strands ofthe band long before the tensile strength of the band was reached.

The neck of the lug and the lapped portion of the band are snuglyengaged by the neck, or small end of the fixture opening for holding thelapped portion in its designed pattern. This, as has been stated before,keeps the longitudinal strands, which are embedded in the lug, parallelwith the axis of the band until they are well extended into the wovenportion of the band.

While the invention has been illustrated in several forms, it will beunderstood that various changes may be made in the detail arrangementsand proportions of the parts without departing from the scope of theclaims.

We claim:

1. A combination end structure for an elongated substantially flatflexible band including parallel lateral edges wherein the band isconstructed of multiple interwoven longitudinal and lateral strands anda holding element therefor, the lateral strands of the band adjacent theend of the band being removed for at least the distance equal toone-third the width of the band leaving the longitudinal strandsextending outwardly from the woven portion of the band, the wovenportion adjacent the unwoven end portion of the band being lappedparallel with the elongated axis of the band, thereby reducing the widthof the band adjacent the unwoven portion, the extended unwovenlongitudinal strands forming a diverging flare of spaced longitudinalstrands beyond the lapped woven portion, an organic plastic materialadhering to the spaced unwoven longitudinal strands and filling thespaces therebetween, the plastic material and the unwoven strandsforming a tapered lug having diverging sides extending outwardly fromthe lapped portion toward the ends of the unwoven strands of apredetermined configuration for holding the unwoven strands in extendedand fixed position, the holding element having a tapered cavity and anopening adjacent the smaller end thereof of such size and shape as tosnugly accommodate the lapped cross-sectional area of the woven bandadjacent the smaller end of the lug through which the band isextendable, the cavity in the holding element being of the sameconfiguration and size as that of the lug, said holding elementextending throughout the length of the lug and along the folded sectionof the band for holding the laps in longitudinal alignment with thelongitudinal strands extending into the lug.

2. A combination end structure for an elongated flat flexible band and aholding element therefor as claimed in claim 1 wherein, the lappedportion of the band is lapped with at least one central portion and twoside portions extending on the outside of the central portion having thelateral edges extending in opposite directions.

3. A combination end structure for an elongated fiat flexible band and aholding element therefor as claimed in claim 1 wherein, the lappedportion of the band is in the form of a fold having at least one doublefolded central portion and two folded side portions terminating alongtheir parallel lateral edges, the lateral edges of the side portionsbeing positioned on the outside of the lap and facing in the samedirection.

4. A combination end structure for an elongated flat flexible band and aholding element therefor as claimed in claim 1 wherein, the lappedportion of the band is in the form of an arcuated central portion andtwo folded side portions terminating along their parallel lateral edges,the side portions being folded inwardly from the central portion havingtheir lateral edges positioned adjacent the center of the concavedsurface of the central section.

5. A combination end structure for an elongated flat flexible band and aholding element therefor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the band islapped to position one of the lateral edges adjacent the center of thelap and the opposite lateral edge in position on the outside of the lap.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 751,729 2/04Heinitsh et a1. 24143 761,963 6/04 Hiller 24-143 1,293,383 2/ 19 Eaton28782 1,512,162 10/24 Dennis 24--143 1,578,107 3/26 Tippit 280-4801,772,420 8/30 Harris 280-480 2,317,110 4/43 Person 264243 2,684,3187/54 Meek. 3,008,193 11/61 Been 264-243 FOREIGN PATENTS 489,874 8/ 38Great Britain.

CARL W. TOMLIN, Primary Examiner.

ALEXANDER H. BRODMERKEL, Examiner.

1. A COMBINATION END STRUCUTRE FOR AN ELONGATED SUBSTANTIALLY FLATFLEXIBLE BAND INCLUDING PARALLEL LATERAL EDGES WHEREIN THE BAND ISCONSTRUCTED OF MULTIPLE INTERWOVEN LONGITUDINAL AND LATERAL STRANDS ANDA HOLDING ELEMENT THEREFOR, THE LATERAL STRANDS OF THE BAND ADJACENT THEEND OF THE BAND BEING REMOVED FOR AT LEAST THE DISTANCE EQUAL TOONE-THIRD THE WIDTH OF THE BAND LEAVING THE LONGITUDINAL STRANDSEXTENDING OUTWARDLY FROM THE WOVEN PORTION OF THE BAND, THE WOVENPORTION ADJACENT THE UNWOVEN END PORTION OF THE BAND BEING LAPPEDPARALLEL WITH THE ELONGATED AXIS OF THE BAND, THEREBY REDUCING THE WIDTHOF THE BAND ADJACENT THE UNWOVEN PORTION, THE EXTENDED UNWOVENLONGITUDINAL STRANDS FORMING A DIVERGING FLARE OF SPACED LONGITUDINALSTRANDS BEYOND THE LAPPED WOVEN PORTION, AN ORGANIC PLASTIC MATERIALADHERING TO THE SPACED UNWOVEN LONGITUDINAL STRANDS AND FILLING THESPACES THEREBETWEEN, THE PLASTIC MATERIAL AND THE UNWOVEN STRANDSFORMING A TAPERED LUG HAVING DIVERGING SIDES EXTENDING OUTWARDLY FROMTHE LAPPED PORTION TOWARD THE ENDS OF THE UNWOVEN STRANDS OF APREDETERMINED CONFIGURATION FOR HOLDING THE UNWOVEN STRANDS IN EXTENDEDAND FIXED POSITION THE HOLDING ELEMENT HAVING A TAPERED CAVITY AND ANOPENING ADJACENT THE SMALLER END THEREOF OF SUCH SIZE AND SHAPE AS TOSNUGLY ACCOMMODATE THE LAPPED CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF THE WOVEN BANDADJACENT THE SMALLER END OF THE LUG THROUGH WHICH THE BAND ISEXTENDABLE, THE CAVITY IN THE HOLDING ELEMENT BEING OF THE SAMECONFIGURATION AND SIZE AS THAT OF THE LUG, SAID HOLDING ELEMENTEXTENDING THROUGH OUT THE LENGTH OF THE LUG AND ALONG THE FOLDED SECTIONOF THE BAND FOR HOLDING THE LAPS IN LONGITUDINAL ALIGNMENT WITH THELONGITUDINAL STRANDS EXTENDING INTO THE LUG.